Campylobacteriosis
An illness of variable severity with symptoms of abdominal pain, fever and diarrhoea, often with bloody stools.

Cholera
An illness of variable severity characterised by watery diarrhoea and vomiting, which can lead to profound dehydration.

Cryptosporidiosis
An acute illness with diarrhoea (may be profuse and watery) and abdominal pain. The infection may be asymptomatic.

Giardiasis
An illness characterised by diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, bloating, flatulence, nausea, weight loss and malabsorption. Given the remitting/relapsing and variable nature of symptoms, the individual does not need to have compatible symptoms at the time of presentation but must have had a clinically-consistent illness in order to meet the case definition.

Paratyphoid fever
Similar illness to typhoid fever but the clinical manifestations tend to be milder, of shorter duration and the case-fatality and the case-fatality rate is much lower. Often manifests as acute gastroenteritis.

Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis presents as gastroenteritis, with abdominal pains, diarrhoea (occasionally bloody), fever, nausea and vomiting. Asymptomatic infections may occur.

Shigellosis
Shigellosis presents as acute diarrhoea with fever, abdominal cramps, blood or mucus in the stools and a high secondary attack rate among contacts.

Typhoid fever
Typically presents with insidious onset of fever, headache, malaise, anorexia, dry cough, relative bradycardia and hepatosplenomegaly (50 percent). Less commonly, there may be rose coloured spots on the trunk, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhoea and cerebral dysfunction. If untreated may last for 3-4 weeks and be complicated by intestinal perforation or haemorrhage, death or relapse.

Yersiniosis
In children under 5 years, Yersinia enterocolitica infection typically causes diarrhoea, vomiting, fever and occasionally abdominal pain. Older children and adults experience abdominal pain as the predominant symptom. Bacteraemia and sepsis may occur in immunocompromised individuals. Y. pseudotuberculosis is more likely to cause mesenteric adenitis and septicaemia than Y. enterocolitica.