Laboratory confirmation requires at least one of the following:

• isolation of the virus
• detection of arbovirus nucleic acid
• detection of arbovirus-specific IgM
• IgG seroconversion
• a significant increase (four-fold or greater) in antibody titres to specific arbovirus.

Yellow Fever

Relevant laboratory tests include:

• yellow fever virus specific IgM serology testing
• increase in antibody levels in paired serum samples
• neutralisation testing
• detection of yellow fever virus nucleic acid test
• isolation of yellow fever virus (Note: Field strains of yellow fever virus are listed as PC3 organisms, so isolation attempts should be undertaken with caution and in the appropriate laboratory containment).